Difference between revisions of "SiPM Radiation Hardness Test"

Revision as of 11:40, 17 June 2010

SiPM Radiation Hardness Test in Hall A

Test Plan

The Draft Test Plan to Study Radiation Damage to SiPMs in Hall A

System Diagram and Floor Plan

The test setup for SiPM radiation hardness in Hall A during PREX experiment.

The floor plan of the SiPM test in Hall A.

Device List

• Control Computer: transversity.jlab.org: (129.57.164.28)
• GPIB over IP: GPIB-ENET/100: agpib.jlab.org (129.57.192.73)
• Serial Port Server: ESP904: portservha50.jlab.org (129.57.192.78)
• USB over IP: AnywhereUSB/5: ausb.jlab.org (129.57.192.75)
• Oscilliscope: TDS3034: dosci.jlab.org (129.57.192.77)
• Power Outlet: APC Outlet Control: hlauser:hlauser@hareboot12.jlab.org (129.57.192.76)
  • Outlet 1: Pulse Generator
  • Outlet 2: Temperature Box
  • Outlet 3: Oscilliscope
  • Outlet 4: GPIB over IP
  • Outlet 5: Power Supply for Hamamatsu Unit
  • Outlet 6: Power Supply for SensL Unit
  • Outlet 7: Picoamp Meter
  • Outlet 8: Serial Port Server
• USB to Serial HUB: ComHUB
  • Serial 1 (COM5): Power Supply for Hamamatsu Unit
  • Serial 2 (COM6): Power Supply for SensL Unit
  • Serial 3 (COM7): Oscilliscope
  • Serial 4 (COM8): Temperature Box
• Picoamp Meter x2: Keithley-485 (GPIB)
  • GPIB Address: 1 (Hamamatsu); 2 (SensL)
• Pulse Generator: HP-8116A (GPIB)
  • GPIB Address: 4
• Power Supply x2: B&K-1787B (RS232)
• Temperature Meter: CN77544 (RS232)

Power Connection and Settings

• Power Cable Color Code
  • Black: Ground
  • Yellow: -5.0 V
  • Red: +2.1 V
  • Blue: Hamamatsu Bias Voltage
  • Green: SensL Bias Voltage

• SiPM Bias Voltage Correction vs Temperature
  • Hamamatsu: 56 mV/C (70.27 at 20 C)
  • SensL: 23 mV/C (28.6 at 20 C)

EPICS Variables

Hall A Beam Line IOC: iocha5.jlab.org [129.57.188.5]

• hac_bcm_average: Hall A beam current (uA)

Hall A Cryo Target IOC: iocha13.jlab.org [129.57.188.29]

• haBDSPOS.VAL: Hall A cryo target position (encoder value)

List of the encoder readings for the hall A cryo target

MCC general IOC: 129.57.255.4

• rad44_p2: Neutron dose [mRem/hour]
• rad44_p2_dose: Accumulated Neutron dose [mRem]
• rad44_p1: Gamma dose [mRem/hour]
• rad44_p1_dose: Accumulated Gamma dose [mRem]

SiPM Test Log

3x3 mm2 SiPM Test in Hall A

Test Condition

• Time: 04/20/2010 12:30 PM
• Location: Hall A beam left
• Initial Dose
  • Neutron (rad44_p2) 18.4 mRem
  • Gamma (rad44_p1) 61900 mRem
• Radiation Chips
  • Neutron Rod: serial# 2A01 close to SiPM
  • TLD: serial# 9597, close to SiPM and rad44_p2
  • TLD: serial# 9598, close to rad44_p1 at entrance

Pre-Rad Measurement

• Voltage vs Current scan done
  • Hamamatsu: 20100420_132141_VICurve.txt
  • Hamamatsu: 20100420_132531_VICurve.txt
  • SensL: 20100420_132531_VICurve.txt
  • SensL: 20100420_132531_VICurve.txt

Beam ON Test

Screenshot of SiPM performance after 50uA electron beam hits the 0.5mm Pb target

• Oscilloscope Snapshot #1: 20100420_135400_CHx.txt
• Oscilloscope Snapshot #2: 20100421_014000_CHx.txt
• Oscilloscope Snapshot #3: 20100421_091100_CHx.isf
• Oscilloscope Snapshot #4: 20100421_182200_CHx.isf
• Oscilloscope Snapshot #5: 20100422_015300_CHx.isf
• Oscilloscope Snapshot #6: 20100422_102700_CHx.isf
• Dataset #1: 20100420_140630.txt
  • Stopped due to GIPB problem
  • No production
• Dataset #2: 20100420_182713.txt
  • Long run with production started
  • 22:40:30 - 01:46:10 oscilloscope not updating
  • Stopped due to GPIB problem
• Dataset #3: 20100421_091253.txt
  • Stopped due to EPICS problem
• Dataset #4: 20100421_105132.txt
  • HV OFF at 10:59:00 to test radiation damage with bias voltage OFF
  • Stopped to turn bias voltage back ON at 18:21:00
• Dataset #5: 20100421_182344.txt
  • New dataset with bias voltage ON
  • Stopped due to GPIB problem
• Dataset #6: 20100422_015736.txt
  • Stopped due to GPIB problem
• Dataset #7: 20100422_091215.txt
  • Beam OFF
  • oscilloscope not updating

Post-Rad Measurement

• Voltage vs Current scan done
  • Hamamatsu: 20100422_105000_VICurve.txt
  • Hamamatsu: 20100422_105334_VICurve.txt
  • SensL: 20100422_105732_VICurve.txt
  • SensL: 20100422_110249_VICurve.txt

Plots

• Change of draw Current and signal shape at working condition as a function of radiation

Neutron and gamma radiation and temperature during the test

Bias voltage was adjusted based on temperature and the draw current increases rapidly with radiation.

Signal Amplitude gradually decreases as a function of radiation dose while no change of its width observed.

• Comparison of VI response before and after radiation

VI curve of Hamamatsu SiPM unit before radiation

VI curve of Hamamatsu SiPM unit after radiation

VI curve of SensL SiPM unit before radiation

VI curve of SensL SiPM unit after radiation

Comparison of VI curves of Hamamatsu unit before and after radiation

Comparison of VI curves of SensL unit before and after radiation

• Signals recorded by oscilloscope show the effect of radiation on amplification: red (initial) -> violet (final)

Signals of Hamamatsu SiPM with radiation growing

Signals SensL SiPM with radiation growing

• If we take the dose to fluence coefficient of 1 MeV Neutron: 400 pSv.cm2 = 4x10-8 rem.cm2, we have the following plot

The draw current increment as a function of 1 MeV equivalent neutron fluence

Aneeling of Radiation Damage

Recovery of SiPM dark current, fit with initial point.

Recovery of SiPM dark current, fit without initial point.

Recovery of SiPM gains, fit without initial point.

Facts and Conclusions

• Hall A radiation level is extremely high during P-REX experiment: 50uA on 0.5mm Pb target (9% radiation length).
• A lot of excessive radiation is created by the 2 pieces of collimator behind Pb Target: estimated 1 kiloWatt total power dissipated on them.
• The neutron dose rate before the collimator installed was 1.55 rem/H with 45 uA beam on Pb target. After the collimator was installed, the dose rate during the SiPM test was 1.35 rem/H with 50 uA beam. Therefore the tungsten collimator did not significantly change the radiation level.
• Radiation causes draw current to increase no matter whether bias voltage is applied.
  • Hamamatsu: starting from 8 uA, 5 uA/Rem
  • SensL: starting from 155 uA, 40 uA/Rem
• The dark current from both SiPM samples recovered by about half with time constant of 10 days
• Taking the bias voltage adjustment into account, the dark current has an exponential relation with ambient temperature:
  • I(dark) ~ exp(a*(T-T0))
  • a for Hamamatsu: 0.061+-0.003/C
  • a for SensL: 0.047+-0.002/C
• Radiation slowly affects the amplification of SiPM but has no effect on the signal width, even though, the drops of the gain get fully recovered afterward.
• Report to GlueX meeting (2010/05/10): link to docDB
• Dark rate measurement shows a increase of noise level consistent with the increase of dark current:Carl's report
  • I(dark) ~ Sigma(pedestal)^2

Translate Simulation Results

• Detectors were put 20 meters away from Pb target and 135 degrees backward.
• Simulation was done by Pavel Degtiarenko by only considering the 0.5 mm Pb target in Hall A.
• Neutron dose equivalent conversion coefficients were taken from ICRP 74, plot see [1], may off by a factor of 2.
• Displacement damage in silicon was taken [2], as recommended for LHC silicon detector study.
• By combining all information we got:
  • Biological dose rate: 0.12 rem/H
  • 1 MeV equivalent neutron fluence: 1050 Hz/cm2
  • About a factor of 10 smaller than we measured in the Hall.
• Plots are shown here:

ToDo List

• Annealing test
• Translate Rem to equivalent neutron fluence
• Estimate life time in Hall D condition

1x1 mm2 SiPM Test in Hall A

Test Condition

• Same location as previous 3x3 SiPM test: 135 degrees, 20 meters
• Not powered
• Temperature: ~ 21.3 degree C
• SiPM information:
  • Type Number: S10362-11-050C
  • Serial Number: 1260
  • Vop: 71.54 V
  • M: 7.50e+5
  • Dark Rate (0.5 p.e.): 536 kcps
  • Dark Rate (1.5 p.e.): 44 kcps
  • X-talk: 8.2%
  • PDE (lambda = 490 nm): 36.5%
  • At 25 degree C

Initial Neutron Dose 2010/06/11 11:20 AM

• rad44_p2_dose: 0 Rem

Final Neutron Dose 2010/06/15 10:00 AM

• 34.3 Rem
•